Let's Learn About...Glass!

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This October, LET’S LEARN ABOUT…Glass!

 

What is glass?

Glass is one of the oldest man-made materials. People started making glass as early as 6000 years ago, when they first started living together in large cities. Hard, waterproof, and transparent, it can be made into useful things that were highly valued by many ancient cultures, such as perfume bottles, jewellery, and even mirrors.

 

How is glass made?

Glass is made from heated sand, which melts into a very thick liquid (called molten glass) and hardens again at room temperature. It can be carved, poured into moulds, or blown into various shapes using special tools. Different materials can be added to glass to achieve tinted or opaque colours, and it was often coloured to look like precious materials, such as jade and sapphire.

 

 

Molten glass

Shaping molten glass into a vase

 

Glass objects can also be melted down and repurposed, and recycling glass was common in even the earliest glass-using societies. Don’t forget to wash out your own glass bottles after use and put them in the recycling bin!

 

Let’s explore some of the many techniques used to make and decorate glass through objects in the ACM galleries.

 

OBJECTS IN THE ACM COLLECTION

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Marvered jarlet

Syria or Egypt, 12th or 13th century (Ayyubid period) 
Glass
2015-00058

 

This jarlet was made using a technique called marvering, in which a hot glass vessel is rolled onto strips of coloured glass until a pattern is set into the surface. 

Marvered glass was made in the Islamic world from the seventh century onwards, using skills artisans learned from the glass traditions of Greece and Rome.

You can find this jarlet in our Islamic Art Gallery on level 2.

image highlight
Marvered jarlet

Syria or Egypt, 12th or 13th century (Ayyubid period) 
Glass
2015-00058

 

This jarlet was made using a technique called marvering, in which a hot glass vessel is rolled onto strips of coloured glass until a pattern is set into the surface. 

Marvered glass was made in the Islamic world from the seventh century onwards, using skills artisans learned from the glass traditions of Greece and Rome.

You can find this jarlet in our Islamic Art Gallery on level 2.

image highlight

Flask with honeycomb pattern

Iran, 8th to 10th century 
Glass
2016-00292

 

The honeycomb decoration on the body of this flask was created by cutting away areas from its original round shape. This technique was popular in Iran when it was ruled by the Sassanian empire (over 1000 years ago) and was adopted by glassworkers of later periods. Does the shape remind you of a gemstone? That is because many Sassanian techniques used to cut precious stones were also used on glass.

Look for the flask in the Islamic Art Gallery, next to the marvered jarlet above. Scroll down further to learn how to make a tinted glass bottle of your own!

 

image highlight
Flask with honeycomb pattern

Iran, 8th to 10th century 
Glass
2016-00292

 

The honeycomb decoration on the body of this flask was created by cutting away areas from its original round shape. This technique was popular in Iran when it was ruled by the Sassanian empire (over 1000 years ago) and was adopted by glassworkers of later periods. Does the shape remind you of a gemstone? That is because many Sassanian techniques used to cut precious stones were also used on glass.

Look for the flask in the Islamic Art Gallery, next to the marvered jarlet above. Scroll down further to learn how to make a tinted glass bottle of your own!

 

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Ornament

Mainland Southeast Asia, 6th century BC to AD 2nd century (Neolithic period)
Glass
2012-00567

 

This small glass ornament, in the shape of a “C”, is among the many different types of glass jewellery found across mainland Southeast Asia. How do you think it would have been worn? Similar objects were also made in stone, showing how forms could be shared across many different materials.

Visit our Jewellery Gallery on Level 3 for a closer look.

 

image highlight
Ornament

Mainland Southeast Asia, 6th century BC to AD 2nd century (Neolithic period)
Glass
2012-00567

 

This small glass ornament, in the shape of a “C”, is among the many different types of glass jewellery found across mainland Southeast Asia. How do you think it would have been worn? Similar objects were also made in stone, showing how forms could be shared across many different materials.

Visit our Jewellery Gallery on Level 3 for a closer look.

 

CREATE

Follow the steps below to make your own tinted glass ware!

craft 

Craft created by ACM staffer Claire Teo

 

Use these materials:

  • Paint brush
  • Glass bottle or jar (new or used)
  • White glue
  • Small dish
  • Food colouring (any colour)

 

Follow these steps:

  1. Pour some white glue into a small dish.
  2. Add 3 drops of food colouring into the white glue, stir well to mix. Add more drops for a deeper colour.
  3. With a brush, paint the coloured white glue onto the outside of your glass bottle.
  4. Leave your bottle to dry overnight and voila! You have your own tinted glass ware! 

Tag us @ACM_SG #LearningatACM to share your creation!

 

EXPLORE

Head to NHB’s one-stop heritage portal Roots.sg to read more about the objects featured here.

 

Marvered jarlet

Flask with honeycomb pattern

Ear ornament

 

Would you like more resources like this? Come back to learn new things every month.

Missed a monthly post? Not to worry, we will keep past topics here for you.

What else would you like to learn about? Tell us here.

 

There’s more!

Check out other videos and download e-resources inspired by the objects in ACM's collection.

 

 

 

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